Ana Paula Amaral
Coimbra Health School, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Sandra Carvalho Bos, Maria João Soares, Ana Telma Pereira, Mariana Marques, Nuno Madeira, Vasco Nogueira, Miguel Bajouco, António Macedo
Institute of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

Abstract:

Insomnia is experienced by approximately 19% of university students and is associated with fatigue, depression, anxiety, stress, lower levels of quality of life and lower academic performance. Specific personality traits are observed in insomniacs. Individuals with high scores of neuroticism, i.e., who consider themselves nervous or anxious, report poorer sleep quality and the ones with high perfectionism also reveal more insomnia severity. Doubts about actions and concerns about mistakes are perfectionism dimensions positively associated with insomnia. Socially prescribed perfectionism, i.e. the perception that others hold very high expectations on oneself, is another perfectionism dimension which can predict difficulties initiating and/or maintaining sleep in the long term. In addition, increased perception of stress may also predispose the individual to experience emotional distress and insomnia.

Keywords:insomnia severity ,distress ,predispose ,rumination