Objective: To explore the application of fundus laser technology combined with anti-VEGF drugs in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Methods: 159 patients with diabetic retinopathy from January 2020 to February 2022 in our hospital were selected. According to the random number table method, the patients were divided into the reference group (n=80) and the observation group (n=79). The reference group was treated with fundus laser technology, while the observation group was treated with fundus laser technology combined with anti-VEGF drugs. The specific application effects of different treatment methods in the two groups were compared. Results: The general data of gender, age, course of diabetes and (diabetic retinopathy，DR) grade of the two groups were analyzed by statistical software, and the data obtained from the test showed that P > 0.05, which was comparable. Before injection, there was no significant difference in VEGF level between the two groups (P > 0.05). After injection, the VEGF level in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the reference group (P < 0.05). Before operation, there was no significant difference between the macular fovea thickness and the best corrected visual acuity between the two groups (P > 0.05). One month and three months after operation, the best corrected visual acuity of the two groups showed a significant increase trend compared with that before treatment, and the thickness of macular fovea showed a significant decrease trend compared with that before treatment, and the change range of the observation group was larger than that of the reference group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The visual acuity improvement rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the reference group (P < 0.05). The bleeding time, edema duration and exudation absorption time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The total incidence of retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, transient ocular hypertension and total adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the reference group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The treatment of diabetic retinopathy patients with fundus laser combined with anti-VEGF drugs can reduce the thickness of fovea, improve the patients' vision, and promote the relief of symptoms related to the eyes, which is worthy of popularization and application.